The Solomon Islands, an archipelago located in the Melanesian region of Pacific, south-east of Papua New Guineam, consists of over 900 islands spread across a vast maritime area. The country’s topography is diverse, featuring volcanic islands, atolls, mountains, and saltwater lagoons. It has a tropical climate, characterized by high temperatures, high humidity, and significant rainfall year-round, with a distinct wet season from November to April, often bringing cyclones and extreme weather events. The Solomon Islands is currently highly vulnerable to climate change due to the coastal geography and reliance on natural resources (World Bank Group). The country experiences increasing temperature, with the projected warming trends of 0.7 – 2.8°C by the end of 21st century. Furthermore, sea level rise also poses threat on submerging low-lying islands at a rate of faster than the global average. Extreme rainfall events and increasing frequency of natural disasters put the communities on high risks, particularly those dependent on subsistence agriculture and fisheries (Climate Knowledge Portal Country Profile).  

In response to the challenges, the Solomon Islands has taken policy initiatives, including the Solomon Islands National Climate Change Policy (NCCP) 2023-2032 and Long Term Low Emission Development Strategy (LT- LEDS) and commitments under the Paris Agreement, with its Second Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) submitted in 2016. Disaster risk reduction and adaptation efforts, such as mangrove and coral reef restoration, are also taken into action to mitigate the impacts of climate change on the communities and ecosystems (Climate Knowledge Portal Country Profile).