The Solomon Islands is an archipelago in the Melanesian region of the Pacific Ocean, southeast of Papua New Guinea, consisting of more than 900 islands spread across a vast maritime area. The country’s topography is diverse, including volcanic islands, atolls, mountains, and saltwater lagoons. The Solomon Islands has a tropical climate characterized by high temperatures, humidity, and significant rainfall throughout the year, with a distinct wet season from November to April that often brings cyclones and extreme weather events. The country is highly vulnerable to climate change due to its coastal geography and strong reliance on natural resources (World Bank Group).  Average temperatures are projected to increase between 0.7°C and 2.8°C by the end of the 21st century. In addition, sea level rise threatens to submerge low-lying islands at rates faster than the global average. Extreme rainfall and the increasing frequency of natural disasters place communities at high risk, particularly those dependent on subsistence agriculture and fisheries (Climate Knowledge Portal Country Profile).  

In response to the challenges, the Solomon Islands has introduced several policy initiatives, including the Solomon Islands National Climate Change Policy (NCCP) 2023-2032 and Long-Term Low Emission Development Strategy (LT- LEDS) and commitments under the Paris Agreement. The country is implementing disaster risk reduction and adaptation measures, such as mangrove and coral reef restoration, to help protect communities and ecosystems from climate change impacts (Climate Knowledge Portal Country Profile).